Define

• Hebrew: peshaʿ(פֶּשַׁע) rebellion, revolt, willful breaking of covenant, treason against God; a deliberate, willful Sin involving defiance of God’s authority.

  • peshaʿ is the strongest of the three main Hebrew words for sin
  • It almost always describes sin against God, not merely against people, and carries the sense of breaking covenant loyalty

• Greek: apestēsan (ἀπέστησαν) to revolt, apostatize

• The noun “transgression” in Hebrew (peshaʿ) is most commonly translated in the LXX and NT as: παράβασις (parabasis) – “transgression,” stepping over a boundary, willful violation of law” (used in Rom 4:15; 5:14; Gal 3:19; Heb 2:2; 9:15).

  • • Romans 4:15; Galatians 3:19 – Paul uses παράβασις (the Greek equivalent) to describe willful covenant-breaking that brings wrath.

• ἀνομία (anomia) is also sometimes used – “lawlessness, rebellion” (e.g., Isa 53:5, 8 in LXX). -

Related words

• Unrighteous
• Sin Offering
• Sin

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