James-04
More in-depth look: 59 James-04 Yada Yada
Setting
Who:
- Author:
- Biblical evidence points to a prominent Jewish-Christian leader like James the brother of Jesus,
- Origen (c. AD 185–253): First explicit attribution; quotes James as Scripture and links it to "James, who is called the brother of the Lord" (Commentary on John 19.6; cf. Ecclesiastical History via Eusebius).
- Eusebius of Caesarea (c. AD 265–340): In Ecclesiastical History (2.23.4–7, 25), states the epistle is "attributed to James, who was surnamed the brother of the Lord," noting its disputed canonicity but affirming authorship; quotes Hegesippus (c. AD 170) on James's martyrdom (AD 62) and leadership.
- Council of Carthage (AD 397): Canonizes the epistle, implicitly endorsing traditional authorship tied to James the Just.
- Audience: The twelve tribes scattered abroad (James-01#v1, context for book)
- Characters and People Groups:
- YHWH, God
- The Lord (Yeshua/Jesus Christ)
- Adulterers and adulteresses
- Friends of the world
- The Devil
- Brethren
- The humble
- The proud
- Judges
- The rich
- Merchants
- The poor
- Symbolic Roles:
- Deceiver: The devil, the adversary
- Deceived: Friends of the world; adulterers and adulteresses
- Savior: God
What:
- Main Storyline: Warning against worldliness, quarrels, pride, and judging others; call to submit to God, resist the adversary (devil), humble oneself, and repent.
When:
- Date Authored: Circa AD 45–50
- (Traditional author: James, brother of Jesus, traditionally martyred AD 62; epistle is early, pre-Jerusalem Council [Acts 15, AD 49–50]; no mention of Gentile controversy).
- Date takes place: Not specified
James 4
← James 03 | James | James 05 →
v1
Where do wars and fightings[1] among you come from? Don't they come from your pleasures that war in your members?
v2
You lust[2], and don't have. You murder and covet, and can't obtain. You fight and make war. You don't have, because you don't ask.
v3
You ask, and don't receive, because you ask with wrong motives, so that you may spend it on your pleasures.
v4
You adulterers and adulteresses[3], don't you know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Whoever therefore wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God.
v5
Or do you think that the Scripture says in vain, "The Spirit who lives in us[4] yearns jealously"?[5]
v6
But he gives more grace[6]. Therefore it says, "God resists the proud, but gives grace to the humble."
v7
Be subject therefore to God. Resist the devil //Accuser, slanderer (one who attacks with false or malicious charges)//, and he will flee from you.
v8
Draw near to God, and he will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners. Purify your hearts, you double-minded. [7]
v9
Lament, mourn, and weep. Let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to gloom.
v10
Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he will exalt you[8].
v11
Don't speak against one another, brothers. He who speaks against a brother and judges his brother, speaks against the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law, but a judge.
v12
Only one is the lawgiver, who is able to save and to destroy. But who are you to judge another?
v13
Come now, you who say, "Today or tomorrow let's go into this city, and spend a year there, trade, and make a profit."
v14
Whereas you don't know what your life will be like tomorrow. For what is your life? For you are a vapor that appears for a little time, and then vanishes away.
v15
For you ought to say, "If the Lord wills, we will both live, and do this or that."
v16
But now you glory in your boasting[9]. All such boasting is evil.
v17
To him therefore who knows to do good, and doesn't do it, to him it is sin.[10]
← James 03 | James | James 05 →
Connections
- Prov-03#v34
- 1 Pet-05#v5-6
- Job-22#v29
- Matt-23#v12
- Luke-14#v11
- Luke-18#v14
- 1 Pet-05#v9
- Ephes-04#v27
- Ephes-06#v11
- Ps-66#v18
- 1 Chronicles 21:1-17
- 2 Chronicles 32:31
- Matt-06#v19
- 1 Tim-06#v17
- Matt-07#v1
- Rom-14#v4
- Proverbs 27:1
- Lev-19#v16
- Deut-01#v17
Chaos From whence come wars and fightings among you? come they not hence ↩︎
Unrighteous Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon your lusts. ↩︎
Unrighteous Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God. ↩︎
Indwelling The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy.” ↩︎
Idiom the spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy – the human spirit he caused to dwell in us has a strong tendency toward envy or jealousy. ↩︎
Grace But he giveth more grace. Wherefore he saith, God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble ↩︎
Idiom Cleanse your hands... purify your hearts – ritual and moral purification; outward actions and inward motives must both be made clean. ↩︎
Restoration Gospel Good News Humble yourselves… and he shall lift you up.” ↩︎
Unrighteous But now ye rejoice in your boastings: all such rejoicing is evil. ↩︎
Unrighteous Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin ↩︎